Kingdom Fungi
- Describe:
- decomposers that do not photosynthesize
- usually born of spores that lay in ground
- found in damp areas
- never have flagella, move by growing towards food source
- store energy as glycogen
- cell walls that contain chitin
- Body Plan:
- Both unicellular and multicellular
- Unicellular ex: Yeast
- Multicellular ex: Mushrooms
- Divergent Event:
- Early fungi thought to have originated from traveling spores from aquatic plants in early oceans onto land.
- No specific event identified
- Fungi kingdom and animal kingdom are closely related.
- Metabolism:
- chemoheterotrophic - require preformed organic compounds as energy
- Fungi usually get their energy by decomposing dead matter found in the soil.
- They do this by breaking down the nutrients
- Digestion:
- extracellular
- By secreting enzymes, they breakdown their food before absorbing the nutrients extracted into their body
- Circulation:
- No heart
- No blood vessels
- circulatory system made up of masses of connecting hyphae
- Hyphae - long, branching filamentous cells surrounded by tubular cell walls
- hyphae grow at the tips and expand into the nutrients the fungi is decomposing
- The hyphae assist in nutrient exchange and in nutrient and water absorption
- The hyphae make up the circulatory system of fungi, they are the cells that transport nutrients throughout the organism
- Respiration:
- do not have gills, or book lungs, or conventional ‘lungs’
- Nervous:
- None
- Reproduction:
- both sexually and asexually though some seem to only reproduce asexually
- Sexually - yeast
- Asexually - ascomycetes
- Examples:
- Yeast
- Mold
Phylum Dueteromycota
- Describe - do not fit into the commonly established taxonomic classifications of fungi. Their sexual form of reproduction has never been observed; hence the name "imperfect fungi." Only their asexual form of reproduction is known, meaning that this group of fungus produces their spores asexually.
- Commercial importance - Fungi producing the antibiotic penicillin and those that cause athlete's foot and yeast infections are imperfect fungi. a number of edible imperfect fungi, including the ones that provide the distinctive characteristics of Roquefort and Camembert cheese
- Examples
- Aspergillus
- Penicillium
Phylum Zygomycota
- Describe - mostly terrestrial in habitat, living in soil or on decaying plant or animal material. asexual reproduction is the most common form of reproduction however sexual reproduction can occur.
- Commercial Importance - Some are parasites of plants, insects, and small animals, while others form symbiotic relationships with plants
- Examples - black bread mold
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